The 2020 festival, which had been planned from April 10 to 12 and April 17 to 19, will now be held from October 9 to 11 and October 16 to 18. "Philip Anschutz is sort of like the Wizard of Oz," Los Angeles economist Jack Kyser told the Times in 2006. Three Riverway, Suite 1600 The Board of Directors of King Ranch, Inc. appointed Mr. Underbrink as Vice President of Farming Operations in June 1998. The ranch received the prestigious American Quarter Horse Association Best Remuda award in 1994 for its high-quality herd of quarter horses. Welcome to King Family Ranch- Home of gorgeous Miniature American Shepherds, English Cream Goldendoodles and Mini to Moyen sized Aussiedoodle puppies. King Ranch, Inc. 3 River Way, Suite 1600 Houston [1], Texas [2] 77056 U.S.A. . Take a look at how the billionaire makes and spends his fortune. Campbell is the granddaughter of newspaper titan, Roy Thomson, who was given the title of 1st Baron Thomson of Fleet due to his work in the news and information business. With its striking history and ongoing success, King Ranch has made the transition from frontier ranch to modern corporation. "And I believe Texans can handle the truth.". Retrieved February 23, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/books/politics-and-business-magazines/king-ranch-inc-0. . By 1952 the company was sending livestock to outposts in Cuba and Australia in hopes of boosting production by introducing Santa Gertrudis genes into the mix. Anschutz also owns the Los Angeles Kings hockey team and one-third of the Los Angeles Lakers basketball team, as well as both teams' home arena: Staples Center. Jecholiah Canada's Richest People: Muzzo Estate - Canadian Business window.__mirage2 = {petok:"vcG0uTA76ILeQp8Wne2iCvqXLi8H7RKhRrA6iY1vB2k-86400-0"}; The top earning YouTuber is the man behind Demolition Ranch, which has proved to be one of the largest firearms channels, and Off The Ranch. "This is an environmental post and I've been doing environmental advocacy and conservation work for the last decade or so, and the urgency of climate change is real," Kleberg, a sixth-generation Texan who grew up in Kingsville and now lives in Austin, said in an interview. The King Ranch Main House is one of the most iconic homes in the state. In August 2003, however, the Texas Supreme Court ruled against the Chapman descendants, arguing that there was not enough evidence to proceed with a trial. Clement was replaced by Kimberly-Clark CEO Darwin Smith, who became the first chief executive in company history with no familial ties to founder Richard King. Other sports teams owned by AEG include the Los Angeles Galaxy soccer franchise, the Cincinnati Cyclones, the Ontario Reign, as well as German and Swedish hockey teams. Mrs. King, who outlived her husband by 40 years, made Kleberg the full-time manager of the ranch. 10-32. Uechtritz began marketing the property heavily in January 2015, and says he showed it about 50 times. After his departure, Roger Jarvis, who had been running the companys petroleum operations, was named president and CEO. The Kleberg family's choice to replace him as president and chief executive officer of the company was James H. Clement, the husband of Ida Larkin, one of Richard King's great-granddaughters (and Robert Kleberg, Sr.'s, granddaughters). In 1969, he received a B. S. in Animal Science at Texas Tech University. The company's live entertainment division, AEG Presents, is one of the world's largest presenters of live music and entertainment events. stands for partners Lewis and King. Its situation is clearly unique: it is one of the largest privately held corporations in the United Stateswhose Home Ranches are designated a National Historic Landmark. Why it's considered daring in Texas politics I have no idea. Kleberg married King's daughter Alice the following year. Working-class millionaires can still be found in the oil towns of Texas, as well. Finally, in 1899, an artesian well was drilled. Several new ways to generate revenue were found over the next few years. Forbes 400: The Richest People In Texas In choosing Clement to lead King Ranch into the next generation, the family passed over Robert Shelton, a vice-president and King relative who had been raised by Bob Kleberg. In 1884 a young lawyer named Robert Kleberg began handling the legal affairs of King Ranch. During this time, Richard King purchased the Rincn de Santa Gertrudis grant, a 15,500 acres (63km2; 24.2sqmi) holding that encompassed present-day Kingsville, Texas. Hunter King Net Worth She has served in her professional acting career for over two decades, there is no doubt she has attained admirable fortune. During the 1940s and 1950s, a number of innovations improved production and kept King Ranch at the cutting edge of the cattle industry. In 1867 King began using the Running W brand to mark his cattle. The deal catapulted Consolidated Citrus into the upper echelon of citrus producers and secured King Ranch's position as the largest citrus grower in the United States. In 1974 Bob Kleberg died after managing the companys operations for more than half a century. During the 1940s and 1950s, a number of innovations improved production and kept King Ranch at the cutting edge of the cattle industry. A management upheaval took place in 1987 when, within the span of half a year, Clement retired as president of King Ranch and Yarborough retired as president of the King Ranch Oil& Gas subsidiary. The King descendants, who have privately owned the ranch since its inception, clock in at 911,215 acres. Clement was replaced by Kimberly-Clark CEO Darwin Smith, who became the first chief executive in company history with no familial ties to founder Richard King. Encyclopedia.com. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. One of their daughters, Libby Anschutz, is a musician in a Denver-based band called Tracksuit Wedding. Filing for the March 1 primaries opened Saturday and ends Dec. 13. The year before that, he donated $104,600 to the national committee. How Old Is Hunter King Hunter is 28 years old born on October 19, 1993, in Ventura County, California, in the USA. King had arranged for Major W. W. Chapman (died 1859) to bid on the Rincn property, which Chapman acquired for $1,575. It was founded in 1853 by Captain Richard King and Gideon K. Lewis. Regal has 7,211 screens in 549 theatres in 42 states, as well as in American Samoa, Washington DC, Guam, and Saipan. King Ranch had made significant changes in its operations since the early 1990s and its business environment would no doubt continue to transform into the years to come as management looked to diversify into new profitable areas. In 1854 King brought north not only all of the cattle from one particular Mexican village suffering through a drought, but all of the village's humans as well. To datethe most expensive ranch to sell in the U.S. was the Forbes family's (yes, this Forbes) 172,000-acre Trinchera Ranch in Colorado, which hedge fund billionaire Louis Bacon bought in 2007 for $175 million. Little is known about his life there, but his hobbies reportedly include hunting, tennis, squash, and jogging. The festival, which typically takes places over two weekends in April in Indio, California, has been moved to October 9 to 11 and October 16 to 18. [8] Kleberg was married to Helen Campbell, and together they had one child they named Helen. Wholly Owned Subsidiary of G, King World Productions Inc reported donations to anti-LGBTQ organizations, a rare public statement on the matter in 2017, started conservative magazine The Washington Examiner in 2005, He also owns the Los Angeles Kings hockey team, one-third of the. 23 Feb. 2023 . Waggoner Ranch is smaller in acreage only than King Ranch, a Texas . International Directory of Company Histories. Biblical woman. These innovations included mechanized brush control methods, the identification of new and better grasses, and the development of better corrals for working cattle. King purchased the land and he and Lewis launched the livestock operation that would eventually grow into the King Ranch. King Ranch Corporate Offices On the first Forbes 400 list in 1982, Anschutz, then 42 years old, was ranked the seventh-richest person in the US with an estimated net worth of "over $1 billion." "Biggest Ranch Jumps Some Oceans," Business Week, May 17, 1952, pp. Richard King was born in New York in 1824 to Irish immigrants and, by age nine, was apprenticed to a jeweler in New York City. Wealth-X estimates Prince William's net worth is around $40 million. King managed to avoid the September 19, 1873, 'Black Friday panic' by selling early. That year, a King Ranch horse, Assault (a son of Bold Venture), won horse racings Triple Crown. AUSTIN Jay Kleberg, a conservationist and filmmaker who is part of the family that has owned the famous King Ranch in South Texas for generations, said Thursday he's running for state. Leroy Denman, a longtime company affiliate, was elected chairman of the board in 1990. In 1976 Clement hired W.B. The objective of the Company is to recruit, hire, train, and promote into all job levels the most qualified applicants without regard to race, color, religion, sex, pregnancy, age, marital status, national origin, disability, military or veteran status or other protected status. 19294. The Founding of King Ranch - King Ranch That year, a King Ranch horse, Assault (a son of Bold Venture), won horse racing's Triple Crown. Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. Today, he and wife Julia along with their two sons, Taylor and Tomas, and a team of ranch staff are shepherding the 136-year-old family business into the future - and Maddux has had an. In 1998, the company merged its Running W Citrus operations with Collier Enterprises to form Consolidated Citrus Limited Partnership. Join Our Family - King Ranch In the 1950s the company went international. Linda Campbell - $8.4 billion. [2] On July 1, 1856, a court sale of Lewis' property (including the undivided half-interest in the land of the Ranch) was held. King Ranch - Wikipedia Given the complex nature of the transaction, multiple attorneys were also involved. By the early 1970s, King Ranch controlled about 11.5 million acres of land worldwide. Lea, Tom, The King Ranch, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1957 McGraw, Dan, A Fistful of Dollars, U.S. News& World Report, July 24, 1995, pp. From 1969 to 1971, he served as a Lieutenant in the U. S. Army . That year, Jack Hunt, formerly the CEO of California's Tejon Ranch, was named president and CEO of King Ranch. (see below), When King and his partners began hiring people to staff the ranch, they hired a number of Mexican hands. Jacobson, Robert R.; Stansell, Christina M. "King Ranch, Inc. I believe in climate change," said Kleberg, who is married and has three daughters. Lea portrays King's purchase of the Ranch as motivated by his wooing of Henrietta Maria Morse Chamberlain (18321925), whom he married in the First Presbyterian Church, Brownsville, on Sunday, December 10, 1854. By 1870, 300,000 head of cattle made their way from the West to the railroads of Kansas, and thence to the stockyards of Chicago. Dawn Buckingham to run for Texas land commissioner, Your California Privacy Rights / Privacy Policy. Yarborough, an independent petroleum operator and former Humble Oil geologistnot to mention the husband of Richard Kleberg, Sr.'s, daughter Katherinedecided to take on the task on a part-time basis. The hockey team, which Anschutz bought in 1995,won the Stanley Cup in 2012 and 2014. The ranch managed to survive its early years in spite of a hostile environment created by the presence of bandits, unhappy Indians, and the usual assortment of rustlers, raiders, and ruffians associated with the Wild West. Anschutz founded his own philanthropic foundation, the Anschutz Foundation, in 1984, which donates primarily to nonprofit organizations in Colorado. Coachella is famous for its flashy outfits and Instagram-worthy attractions in addition to its musical performances, which in recent years have featured artists including Beyonc, Ariana Grande, Childish Gambino, Eminem, Cardi B, Kendrick Lamar, and Radiohead. Its total land holdings consist of approximately 910,824 acres covering operations in Texas, Florida, New Mexico and South Carolina. During the Civil War, the ranch served as a depot for the export of southern cotton through Mexico, sidestepping the Union naval blockade. A management upheaval took place in 1987 when, within the span of half a year, Clement retired as president of King Ranch and Yarborough retired as president of the King Ranch Oil & Gas subsidiary. ." By the end of the 1860s, King Ranch longhorns were being sold in northern markets. The Civil War years found the resourceful Captain King thriving in his steamboat business by running the Union blockade, but his long-term vision was for the new ranch he was building. It takes an army to run the company and our diversified business offers many opportunities for employment. Stan Kroenke Buys Massive Texas Ranch Listed For $725 Million - Forbes [4] It is mainly a cattle ranch, but also produced the Triple Crown winning racehorse Assault. We strive to protect and preserve our environment "And when I was 10, I was sitting in the corner of the bar when I told my mother and father I was going to buy the Broadmoor.". The princes . King first saw the land that would become part of the King Ranch in April 1852 as he traveled north from Brownsville to attend the Lone Star Fair in Corpus Christi, a four-day trip by horseback. The onset of the Depression, which caused beef prices to drop to the century's lowest levels, made matters even worse. King Ranch is looking for the best and brightest talent to join its team. The jeweler was a difficult man, and the boy was chafing under the man's mistreatment. Cotton farming was another area into which the company plunged with a fair amount of success. The Klebergs, the family that owns the legendary King Ranch in Texas, could be sitting on a billion dollars of land value, according to one estimate. During the Civil War, the ranch served as a depot for the export of southern cotton through Mexico, sidestepping the Union naval blockade. Crews were assigned to slow the encroachment of mesquite brush, which was quickly displacing the favorable "climax grasses." In his introductory campaign video, the 44-year-old Kleberg talked about several recent severe weather episodes, including the February winter freeze, that he said were made worse by the earth's changing climate. "King Ranch, Inc. He also bought a stake in the Idle Hour Stable in Lexington, Kentucky, in 1946. Bob Kleberg, the driving force behind the program, also became interested in thoroughbred racing horses. In 1854, King and Lewis purchased the de la Garza Santa Gertrudis grant from Praxides Uribe of Matamoros for $1,800, on the condition of a perfected title (complete documentation of the land grant) on May 20, 1854, to 53,000 acres (210km2; 83sqmi). King Ranch. 4861, 89109. Major company holdings: Muzzo Group. Beef was not the only thing King Ranch was able to breed successfully. Waggoner Ranch includes 30,000 acres of farmland, several creeks, more than 1,000 productive oil wells, hundreds of horses and thousands of cattle. Their other daughter, Sarah Anschutz Hunt, sits on the board of trustees of the Anschutz Family Foundation, which was founded by Anschutz's parents and is now run by his sister, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers. [8], King interested Captain James Walworth in acquiring the entire de la Garza grant, which Walworth completed on December 26, 1856, for $5,000 paid to Praxides Uribe. Nixon, Jay, Stewards of a Vision: A History of King Ranch, Houston: King Ranch, Inc., 1986. But shortly after leaving the village, King realized that, by solving the village's short-term problem by providing needed income to survive the drought, he created a longer-term one, by removing its source of future income. By 1871, though, 700,000 head of cattle caused a market glut, which King avoided by personal negotiation in Abilene. [citation needed], The historical fiction novel Lords of the Land by Matt Braun is based on the King Ranch and its founder, although names and some circumstance have been altered. Our employees receive a discount on the items sold within our King Ranch Saddle Shop Stores. Here at the ranch we pride ourselves in raising quality, healthy and happy animals. Click here to learn more about the history and current operations of King Ranch, King Ranch Institute for Ranch Management, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute. (305) 378-7011 King Ranch cares about our employees and their families. King split his time between his two businesses, steamboating and ranching, during this period. The King Ranch itself covers about 825,000 acresslightly larger than the state of Rhode Islandon four separate divisions of land in South Texas known as the "Home Ranches": Santa Gertrudis, Laureles, Norias, and Encino. Cotton farming was another area into which the company plunged with a fair amount of success. King Ranch is proud to be an equal opportunity employer. We create forward thinking solutions. He negotiated a long-term lease for oil and gas rights on the entire ranch with Humble Oil and Refining Company, which later became Exxon. Who Owns King Ranch in Texas? Info on the Kleberg Family and Descendants Yarborough, an independent petroleum operator and former Humble Oil geologistnot to mention the husband of Richard Kleberg Sr.s daughter Katherinedecided to take on the task on a part-time basis. By the early 1970s, King Ranch controlled about 11.5 million acres of land worldwide. (February 23, 2023). The ranch does not consist of one single contiguous plot of land, but rather four large sections called divisions. The company eventually established a presence in Brazil, Argentina, and Venezuela, where the techniques developed to clear mesquite brush in Texas could be used on South American rain forest. At the King Ranch Saddle Shop, you can find exquisite leather goods and quality outdoor gear for your next adventure. He then bought the parcels and annexed them to the ranch. Through his company the Anschutz Corporation, and one of its subsidiaries, Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG), the 80-year-old billionaire owns the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, which drew more than 100,000 attendees per day in 2018. The Fabulous House of Kleberg: A World of Cattle and Grass, Fortune, June 1969. They began crossbreeding Brahman bulls native to India with their own Shorthorn stock. Those experiences, Kleberg said, helped him "learn the value of hard work and land stewardship.". State Sen. King World Productions, Inc. Richard King (18241885) was a river pilot, born in New York City to Irish immigrants. Although King Ranch management maintained that the suit had no merit, its legitimacy was upheld in appellate courts and went under review of the Texas Supreme Court. To handle depredations (rustling), the ranchers formed the Stock Raisers Association of Western Texas in 1870; Mifflin Kenedy led the first meeting. as well as other partner offers and accept our, Duane Howell/The Denver Post via Getty Images, Horacio Villalobos/Corbis via Getty Images, Helen H. Richardson/The Denver Post via Getty Images, two people who have made the Forbes 400 list of the richest Americans every year, Coachella music festival has been postponed. In addition, the number of company shareholders had increased over the years through inheritances, and the very future of the ranch as a single entity was called into question. . Another turnover in management took place in 1995. King Bach's Net Worth (Updated 2023) | Wealthy Gorilla In 1995, he sold both railroads to Union Pacific in a deal that gave him $1.4 billion and let him keep the right-of-way to lay fiber optic cable. International Directory of Company Histories. International Directory of Company Histories. Houston, TX 77056 Tio grew up on King Ranch in Kingsville, Texas, working summers with ranch operations. Liver King boasts of a successful career as a bodybuilder and social media influencer. Modern game management and preservation systems were also set up. As part of its strategy to build profit in its agriculture business, the newly created firm acquired the Turner Foods groves from Florida Power & Light. Tio Kleberg continued to run the ranch's day-to-day operations. [11] The appraiser's Statement of Gross Estate, Mrs. H. M. King listed a net total of $5.4 million, as the owner of 997,444.56 acres (4,036.5km2), which did not include the Santa Gertrudis headquarters, nor did it include the Kleberg's Stillman and Lasater tracts, which were not of the estate. He pledged $5 million to build a new facility for the Denver Boys and Girls club in 2012. His grandfather was Captain Richard King, founder of King Ranch, and his grandmother was Henrietta Chamberlain, a Presbyterian minister's daughter. State Sen. The first brand was the ere flecha (an R with arrow through it).[6]. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. . As Kleberg became weaker, he passed on responsibility for running the ranch to his sons, Bob and Dick Kleberg. who owns king ranch texas Official 2023 Robert Kleberg died in 1932, signaling a complete generational shift in the ranchs management. More:State Sen. Bob Kleberg, the driving force behind the program, also became interested in thoroughbred racing horses. As the 1990s opened, King Ranch faced a number of questions. In one notable case, King traveled to the village of Cruillas, Tamaulipas, Mexico in the early months of 1854 (the village having been decimated by a severe drought) and purchased the village's entire cattle population. Although Anschutz sold some of his Regal shares in a 2002 public offering, he remained the majority shareholder. King Ranch, Fortune, December 1193, pp. Did the King Ranch sell? Tio Kleberg continued to run the ranchs day-to-day operations. What is King Charles's net worth? A breakdown of royal family wealth In 1938 he bought Kentucky Derby winner Bold Venture as a foundation sire for the ranch's thoroughbred breeding program. "[4], Records show a Mexican range cow cost $6 in 1854, a mustang horse cost $6, and a stud horse cost $200300. Follow TUKO.co.ke on Twitter! Dick Kleberg Jr. died in 1979, and soon after that his son, Stephen Tio Kleberg, took over management of King Ranch South Texas, the companys core ranch operation. Kroenke, worth $7.3 billion by Forbes' latest count, announced in January that the (former) St. Louis Rams were relocating to Los Angeles. Under Tio Kleberg's guidance, the company continued to update its cattle, horse, and farming operations. The resourceful, visionary and driven Captain Richard King. Many of the events of the King Ranch, such as the discovery of oil on the property, are also in the film. Along the way, the city of Kingsville was incorporated, following the vision of Henrietta King. A private company, King Ranch is owned by 60 or so descendants of company founder Captain Richard King, a legendary figure in the history of cattle ranching in the United States. "I'm about to say something so simple. It includes portions of six Texas counties; most of Kleberg and much of Kenedy, with portions extending into Brooks, Jim Wells, Nueces, and Willacy counties. Along the way, the city of Kingsville was incorporated, following the vision of Henrietta King. The story starts in the mid-1830s with an eleven-year-old boy indentured by his destitute family to a jeweler in New York City. King saw that this place that nourished so much wildlife could also sustain domestic stock, and Kings vision for a great cattle ranch began to take shape. List of royalty by net worth - Wikipedia We understand our social responsibilities to help our surrounding community and world. The King Ranch name and its Running W brand, first used by Captain King 1869 when he became a sole proprietor, continue as one of the most widely recognized identities in the industry. . Encyclopedia.com. The King Ranch LK brand, still in use today,[when?] [citation needed]. As the company developed its Santa Gertrudis cattle, it also engaged in the King Ranch Quarter Horse program. PRIMARY USE cow-calf, feed yard, farming, horses, oil and gas, wild game hunting, birding . During the first 15 years of the 20th century, King Ranch managed once again to thrive in the face of further droughts, wars with Mexican raiders, and Kleberg's failing health. Cypher, John, Bob Kleberg and the King Ranch: A Worldwide Sea of Grass, Austin: University of Texas, 1995. Modern game management and preservation systems were also set up. Denhart, Robert Moorman, The King Ranch Quarter Horses, Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1970. Allowing for 10,000 remaining, King claimed a loss of 33,827 head from 1869 to 1872. Consolidated Citrus Limited Partnership is owned and managed by King Ranch, Inc. 1845 Walnut Street Suite 900 Philadelphia, PA 19103, Transformational Women in Family Business 2023, 2021 Family Business Executive Compensation Survey. The Running W eventually became one of the most widely recognized marks in the history of the cattle industry. The popular two-weekend April music festival in Indio, California, is organized by Goldenvoice, which AEG bought in 2001. He also currently serves as a Director of Consolidated Citrus Limited Partnership, the nation's largest citrus grower, where he previously served as President and CEO from 1999 to 2005. He rose quickly in the steam boating business on the Alabama and Florida rivers, becoming a captain. We fulfill our commitments and consistently treat customers and company resources with the respect they deserve. Earnings from energy leases, both fossil fuels and renewable, on public land raises money for the statePermanent School Fund. Staples Center, which has a capacity of 19,000, hosts more than 250 events each year, including NBA All-Star Games, NHL All-Star Games, and the Grammys, as well as concerts by the likes of Bruce Springsteen, U2, Prince, Beyonc, Paul McCartney, Jay-Z, Kanye West, Adele, Taylor Swift, and Britney Spears. Stock Exchanges, Martin Luther King, Jr. 1929-1968 All rights reserved. Last but not least home to our lovely Arabian and Pintabian Horses. In 2018, Cineworld made a $3.6 billion deal to buy Regal Cinemas. King Ranch Corporate Offices Encyclopedia.com. He also began to cross his cowherd with Shorthorn and Hereford bulls, since the expansion of the railroad made the Longhorn's ability to walk long distances irrelevant. Location: Woodbridge, Ont. Between 1869 and 1884, over 100,000 head of cattle from King Ranch made the trip. Indeed, by the late 1990s King Ranch's portfolio was hugely diversified, ranging from oil to citrus to cattle. Under Tio Klebergs guidance, the company continued to update its cattle, horse, and farming operations. "Tio" Kleberg was born in Austin, Texas, to Richard M. Kleberg Jr. and Mary Lewis Scott Kleberg. "This is not a plaything," Uechtritz said. He was hired by King Ranch Inc. in 1984 as a management trainee and traveled to various operations in the United States and throughout South America and Australia. The ranch covered more than 600,000 acres by this time. The 510,000-acre W.T. https://www.encyclopedia.com/books/politics-and-business-magazines/king-ranch-inc, Jacobson, Robert R.; Stansell, Christina M. "King Ranch, Inc. In 1884 a young lawyer named Robert Kleberg began handling the legal affairs of King Ranch. The company began actively exploring for oil and gas, rather than passively waiting for royalties on the oil and gas found on its property by others. Through his Anschutz Corporation, and its subsidiaries, including Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG), he owns several athletic teams, operates more than 90 clubs and theaters around the world, and produces or supports more than 25 music festivals. In 1974 Bob Kleberg died after managing the company's operations for more than half a century. It premiered at the 2019 South by Southwest Film Festival. Anschutz's company did not respond to Business Insider's request for comment on his behalf for this story. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. The company represents a colorful part of Texas history.
Section 116, Row B Staples Center,
Black Owned Florist Milwaukee,
Rosa Acantis Color Code,
Zacatecas Mexico Church Records,
Ct Dept Of Education Certification,
Articles K
